复合固体推进剂燃气烟雾对激光透射的影响

建立了一套测定固体推进剂燃气烟雾对激光衰减的装置,研究了固体推进剂燃气对激光衰减的规律,由实验结果和理论分析得出,燃气烟雾对激光和可见光的透射率较好;能量较高的丁羟推进剂无烟化的最佳配方是Al粉含量应小于8%,硝胺(HR)的含量应大于30%。     

GPS／惯性组合导航系统导航性能的仿真与分析

本文从卡尔曼滤波的基本原理和几何精度因子GDOP的物理意义出发,并结合实例的仿真计算结果,讨论GPS/惯性组合导航系统的定位和测速精度。结果表明:由于位置和速度的双重组合,且由于卡尔曼滤波具有利用以前所有测量值的能力,以及综合利用GPS和惯导信息的能力,所以组合系统的精度虽仍与GDOP有关,但却高于单独利用GPS接收机点解法得到的定位和测速精度,其中定位精度的提高更为显著。     

Experimental investigation of the modes of operation of uncontrolled attitude motion of the Progress spacecraft

Results of in-flight tests of three modes of uncontrolled attitude motion of the Progress spacecraft are described. These proposed modes of experiments related to microgravity are as follows: (1) triaxial gravitational orientation, (2) gravitational orientation of the rotating satellite, and (3) spin-up in the plane of the orbit around the axis of the maximum moment of inertia. The tests were carried out from May 24 to June 1, 2004 onboard the spacecraft Progress M1-11. The actual motion of this spacecraft with respect to its center of mass, in the above-mentioned modes, was determined by telemetric information about an electric current tapped off from solar batteries. The values of the current obtained during a time interval of several hours were processed jointly using the least squares method by integration of the equations of the spacecraft’s attitude motion. The processing resulted in estimation of the initial conditions of motion and of the parameters of mathematical models used. For the obtained motions the quasi-static component of microaccelerations was computed at a point onboard, where installation of experimental equipment is possible.     

大气层外质量矩控制自旋拦截器的姿态机动效果分析

针对大气层外质量矩控制自旋拦截器的特点,建立了具有一个可任意活动质量块的拦截器六自由度动力学数学模型;并基于带有一个沿径向运动质量块的姿态动力学模型,分析了姿态控制机理及结构参数对姿态控制效果的影响,通过仿真验证了分析的有效性,为拦截器姿态控制系统的设计奠定了基础。     

铝合金真空钎焊用低温铝基钎料的研究

为了避免在铝合金焊接中产生晶粒长大、溶蚀等缺陷,提高铝合金的钎焊质量,本文在Al-Si共晶钎料的基础上加入合金元素Cu和其它微量元素,研制新的低熔点钎料,最后确定新钎料为Al19Cu9Si。该钎料的熔点为543℃,比BAl86.5SiMg钎料的熔点降低了40℃,试验结果表明新钎料具有良好的润湿性、流动性,接头的剪切强度、抗腐蚀性能均满足铝合金钎焊要求。     

Some technical aspects of gaseous detonation

This paper briefly describes two attempts to utilize detonative combustion processes to MHD conversion of thermal energy of fuel to electrical energy and bonding of atmospheric nitrogen. For this purpose a continuous impulse detonation chamber with a frequency up to 200 cps was constructed. Using methane-oxygen-nitrogen mixtures the chamber was maintained in stable operation for several hundred hours. Oil was also employed as fuel.Estimates based on experimental data showed that up to 2% of chemical energy of the fuel may be converted into electrical energy. The use of an accelerating nozzle may improve this result.The concentration of nitrogen oxide in combustion products of the detonation wave was higher by 14% than that expected under usual combustion conditions.The advantages of this type of apparatus are: absence of compressors for fuel and oxidant, impulse current generation, low temperatures of chamber walls, and operation over a large range of operating conditions.Problems associated with the effect of the magnetic field on the propagation of the detonation wave are discussed and the possibility of applying the Zeldovich theory to the case of MHD interaction is described. It is shown that the detonation velocity may either increase or decrease depending on the relative orientation of the direction of magnetic field with respect to the detonation wave.     

A New Population of the Cusp Suprathermal Protons Formed at Mid-Altitudes: INTERBALL-2 Measurements

A new population of dispersed suprathermal ions descending into the ionosphere is discovered in the cusp region from theINTERBALL-2 measurements at altitudes of 2–3R _E. The proton energies of the population are below the low energy cut-off of the main dispersed proton population of the magnetosheath origin, and its intensity and density are also much lower. For IMF B _z 2 nT the region of the population observations is located partly coincident with (or sometimes poleward from) the main proton population of the cusp proper. The pitch-angle velocity dispersion in the population during a 2-min satellite rotation manifests itself as a typical pitch-angle V together with a velocity dispersion due to poleward convection. The satellite passes chosen for the detailed analysis and modeling lay approximately along the cusp/cleft band from afternoon till prenoon MLT sectors, thus emphasizing the pitch-angle dispersion role with respect to the dispersion due to convection. This allows one to observe the suprathermal proton population during several tens of minutes over the MLT range of 3 h around noon, i.e., similarly to the MLT extension of the cusp proper. A remarkable space/time stability of this new population is due to its low velocity (tens of km/s) and/or velocity diffusion in the flux tubes of the cusp proper. We have performed both backward tracing of proton trajectories in the Tsyganenko-96 model, and kinetic modeling of the kinematic variations of the distribution function for protons along their way from the bi-Maxwellian source in the form of a heating wall till the satellite. The parameters of the model were adjusted to the observed energy–time spectrograms. They consistently indicate the origin of the descending suprathermal proton population at intermediate altitudes of 5R _E, i.e., within cusp flux tubes but well below the magnetopause. Some published measurements from the POLAR satellite in the cusp region at altitudes of 4–5R _E seem to be consistent with the supposition of crossing the source region of this population, variable in space and time (though these measurements were interpreted in a different manner).     

空间信息对抗仿真技术发展前瞻

分析了当前空间信息对抗仿真应用的缺陷,根据仿真技术的发展动态,指出基于HLA和Agent技术搭建仿真平台是将来开展空间信息对抗系统论证与效能评估的有效途径.并提出了基于认知域、信息域与物理域的信息对抗Agent建模框架以及复杂空间信息对抗仿真系统的体系结构.     

ZrCP/W复合材料在发动机试车条件下的热震烧蚀行为

采用热压烧结法制备了ZrCp／W复合材料环形试样，测试了该复合材料试样在发动机试车条件下的热震烧蚀性能。结果表明：ZrCp／W复合材料具有良好的抗热震和耐烧蚀性能．试验后试样整体结构完好，未出现炸裂和破碎的现象，线烧蚀率仅为-0．05mm／s。该复合材料的主要烧蚀机制是机械剥蚀，此外还有熔化烧蚀和热化学烧蚀。     

一种改进的OPM方法

OPM方法是一种简便的求解噪声子空间进而估计DOA的方法,在高信噪比时,该方法性能很好,但随着信噪比的降低,算法性能很快下降,特别是其分辨概率下降很快.其主要原因就是低信噪比和DOA相邻较近时,信号源之间的空间相关性较强.提出了一种逐次消除空间相关性并逐次搜索DOA的改进OPM方法,该方法提高了分辨概率.仿真结果证明了方法的有效性.